Complete Guide on How to Plant Chickpeas: [Images + Step by Step]
Important points for planting chickpeas:
- When? In spring, between April and May.
- Where? It is a temperate to warm climate crop that requires a lot of light to grow. It is relatively cold tolerant.
- Harvest time? Approximately 100 days from sowing.
- How do we prepare the land? Eliminating weeds, tilling and leaving it aerated. Without fertilizing with organic matter, well decomposed. It must not contain plaster.
- How do we water? Ideal drip irrigation. It isdrought resistant. In winter once a week.
- How do we harvest? It is harvested when the leaves turn yellow and the chickpeas are still green.
- Favorable associations? Swiss chard, garlic, eggplant, cauliflower and broccoli.
- Plagues and diseases? Aphids, weevils, chickpea fly, heliothis, anthracnose, rust, fusarium.
chickpeaIt is an annual plant, native to Turkey. They contain phosphorus, fiber, proteins, starch and vitamins and their regular consumption helps regulate blood sugar and stabilize blood pressure, among many other benefits.
It is a legume, like peas, beans, broad beans, lentils or alfalfa.
As for its cultivation, it is important to point out that it is similar to that of other legumes. In this article we tell youthe easiest way to plant chickpeas.
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What do we need to plant chickpea?
When should it be sown?
Chickpeas are sown in the spring,during April and May.
The sowing duration from sowing to harvest isapproximately 6 months.
Where?
It is a temperate to hot climate crop, whichIt requires a lot of light to grow.It is relatively cold tolerant.
They do not support transplanting well, so it is preferable to sow them directly. When choosing the plot, we will look for them to be exposed to the sun, so that the ground can heat up.
Chickpeas grow best at temperatures of 25 to 35 ºC. Lower temperatures increase germination time.
How often should it be watered?
It is very resistant to drought,but constant irrigation increases the yield and quality of production.
In general terms, rainwater is usually more than enough for proper development.
How do we prepare the land?
It prefers siliceous-clayey substrates, well worked deep and the more aerated, the better.
The substrate must not contain gypsum, as the harvest can be of poor quality in general and very bad for cooking. Similarly, if the soil has undecomposed organic matter, it is also harmful.
Theideal pH is between 6.0 and 9.0, although there are times when highly acidic substrates cause disease.
What are the most favorable associations for chickpea cultivation?
They pair well with Swiss chard, garlic, eggplant, and broccoli.
It is recommended not to repeat its cultivation on the ground for at least four years.
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How to plant chickpea step by step
Clear the ground
Extracts weeds and remains of previous cropsand all kinds of waste to ensure that your chickpeas receive the right amount of nutrients.
All plants must be pulled out by the roots to prevent them from growing back.
Remove the soil with a rake so that it is well ventilated.
prepare the ground
Moisten the soil before sowing chickpeas, this way you will reduce the risk of expelling the seeds as a result of the force of the water.
Fertilize the soil.Mix the fertilizers to a depth of 5 centimeters. It is not necessary to make a contribution of fertilizer if it is grown after cereals.
Put the seeds in the ground
When sowing, trenches are formed with a separation of at least 45 cm between each other. In each trench mounds of earth spaced 30 centimeters apart will be made, and in each mound 2 to 3 seeds are planted at a depth of between 4 and 5 cm. When you’re done, cover them lightly.
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Once planted, water the soil abundantly.
Select the healthiest and strongest seedlings.
The seeds will germinate in 12 days. If more than one seed has germinated in each hole, keep the strongest one. To do this, do not pull the weak one, as you can damage the leaves. A simple pruning at ground level is sufficient.
When sowing is done in a nursery, wait until the seedlings are approximately 7-10 cm tall. When doing this, you must be careful not to damage the roots.
How to harvest chickpea
chickpeaharvested when the leaves turn yellowYthe chickpeas are still green.
Harvesting is manual, you just have to cut the plants above ground level, then stack them and let them dry for a week before being threshed.
Once harvested, they can be kept in a dry and ventilated place, or refrigerated in glass containers.
Chickpea pests and diseases
Some of the most common pests and diseases that affect chickpeas are:
aphids
To combat them, potassium soap can be applied to the underside of the plants.
If the plague persists or is very abundant, we will also apply neem extract.
weevils
To control them, crop rotation is recommended. Preferably, cultivate the previous year with winter grains or peas.
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chickpea fly
To prevent them, neem extract is recommended.
To eliminate this pest, you must crush the larvae on the leaves to prevent them from developing further.
Heliothis (Heliothis armigera)
To control this plague, we must apply a mixture of water and biodegradable soap in the morning.
Likewise, some natural enemies of this plague are the lacewings and the praying mantis.
anthracnose
To prevent it, we will try not to harvest if the weather is very wet. In the event that we grow them in humid areas, we can apply horsetail.
Rust
The recommended treatment is based on horsetail.
fusarium
To prevent it, it is recommended:
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